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大学英语教学中工程文化素质的渗透探究
来源:     发布时间:2013年12月17日    点击数:

“工程文化”既是近年来人们日益关注的一门新兴学科,也是国内许多工科高等院校正在近期刚开的一门课程。随着经济全球化与我国市场经济的不断发展,工程文化日益繁荣;工程活动与文化的结合日趋紧密,二者相互联系,相互促进,共同发展,呈现出工程文化化与文化工程化的发展趋势。大学英语教师本身就是文化的传播者,对工程文化传播担负着不可推卸的责任。为适应这种发展的需要,提高学生的职业素养,大学英语教师在大学英语教学中怎样能够联系所学内容进行工程文化的渗透是探究和探讨的课题。通过本文的探究和探讨,期望教师在大学英语教学中,使学生能够必博娱乐,比博娱乐网址的了解工程文化的知识内容,把握工程文化的规律和特征,树立工程文化的理念,在未来从事工程活动的过程中,能自觉将所学到的人文精神融入其中,并不断发现、不断创新。

工程文化是一门综合性很强的边缘学科,在大学英语教学中进行工程文化的教育属于拓展型人文知识的渗透。它可能要涉及文化学、工程学、哲学、人类学、心理学、经济学、制造学、环境学等等多学科;跨越政治、经济、文化、科技等多领域:交融生产、流通、消费等多环节。这就需要教师在对所讲教学内容的基础上,结合内容填充工程文化的知识,从而进行工程文化知识的渗透。当前大学英语普遍所使用的教材有新视野大学英语,21世纪大学英语,大学体验英语等等。现以新视野大学英语和大学体验英语为例来探究如何在公共英语教学中进行工程文化的渗透。

    新视野大学英语第四册第四单元的section A是The Telecommunication Revolution,与此相联系教师可以向学生介绍通讯工程简要发展史。 The communication history using electromagnetic wave can be divided three stages in 1837, telegram was the primary stage of communication; modern communication era began with informationism given by Shannon in 1984; and it is modern communication era that optical-fibre communications and integrated service digital network have been used since 1980s. Bell applied law of electromagnetic induction to invent telephone in 1876; In 1896, Marconi invented radiotelegram and in 1907, radio tube was invented, soon after, communication came into the era of electonic information; In 1936, frequency modulation radio came out; In 1946, the first digital eletronic computer appeared; In 1958, the first communication satellite was  launched; Since 1960s, color televisions appeared and Apollo spacecraft lunar exploration succeeded, and because theory and technology of digital transmission has developped greatly, computer network came out. 这一单元Section B 部分是The Information Superhighway, 及第一册第一单元,大学体验英语第一册第二、五单元,以及大学体验英语第四册第二、三单元等,都可以向学生介绍中西方信息工程文化的异同。Differences are like these:emphases on informatization strategy of different countries are different. America pays more attention to information technology in order to maintain its leadership in the world, whearas European Union treats the informatization strategy  with an eye to establishing electronic Europe of European integration. Information construction will catch up with and surpass America and Europe in Japan, and Japanese regards building the most advanced information technology as their strategy. Information development stategy of China is chase-after one whose aims are to basically popularize integrated information infrastructure, greatly enhance the capability of independent innovation of information technology, totally optimize information industrial structure, substantially increase information security assurance level of state, attain good results in national economy and social informatization, establish new mode of indutrial development, improve systems of national information development and policy, increase abilities of citizens’ applying information technology, and lay a strong foundation for moving towards information society. In the meantime, similarities lie in that construction and implementation of information engineering culture are paid great attention by countries in the world, and corresponding strategies have been established. Moreover, all the countries have the clear objectives of information infrastructure construction, have a high regard to electronic administration and business, emphasize information security construction, invest great more to information talent construction, and have different features in environment building.

在大学体验英语第四册第八单元Section B中介绍电子工程文化知识。We can start with Second Industrial Revolution, which started since 1970s. It mainly indicates extensively application of electricity.It is electric era and outstanding development of technology. Its main aspects are extensively application of electricity, innovation of internal-combustion engine and new types of viehcle, invention of new communication means and establishment ofchemical industry. Since 1960s, a series of electric invention began. In 1866, Siemens, a German, made dynamo. In 1870, Gelam, a Belgian, invented electric motor, whose machine was driven by power and which became a kind of new energy that supplemented and replaced steam power. Electricity industry and electric manufacturing industry quickly developed. In 1831, Faraday found Electromagnetic Induction Phenomenon and make a profound research on electricity according to it. Soon after, electric products, such as: electric light, electric drill and electric welding machine sprung up. Faraday who is a famous English physician and chemist made outstanding contribution to chemistry, electrochemistry, electromagnetics ans so on. Teachers can also introduce present condition of electron engineering culture in China, such as :broadcast, gramophone, radio and trial seeding of CCTV in 1958, when television sets are no more than 100. Electron engineering hardwares were not popular until television price decreased greatly in 1990s. With extensive application of satelite communication technology and television system,family electron spending tide rose in China, which enhanced the development of electronic engineering culture.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

在新视野大学英语第二册第六单元的Section A,B部分,及大学体验英语第四册第五单元,可以介绍设计工程文化方面的知识。It can be done by introducing desingn engineering differences and similarities in West countries and China,Chinese culture can ben expressed by visual arts, for explam: traditional Chinese painting, calligraphy, the book of changes, teachings of Zen, Five elements and Eight trigrams and so on. Form of design in China inherits the ideas, such as: according  great importance to grandness and extensiveness, loving symmetry, advocating grand scale. However, design engineering in Western countries is different from China.In Germany, natural environment has made German precise. Thus, German designs embody preciseness, more functions, and less quality of art.French men pursue nice and romantic life and fashion is the principle of theirs, because France locates in temperate maritime climate. Furthermore, their designs think highly of sumptuousness and strongly embody desingners own charateristics. America is a melting pot, whose people admire and yearn for free environment and pursue humor and haphazard. Short history and freedom of human make American designs relaxed and hopeful. Italy posseses colourful and long historic tradition of art and culture, so Italian designs blended into national cultural concept convey a kind of national philosophy meaning by explaining philosophic meanings of human and life. Japan, which is separated from China by a narrow strip of water, is a nation with feelings of sentimental aesthetics.As a result, Japanese are obsessed with littleness and delicacy, which makes Japanese products miniaturization, more functions, fine workmanship and sophistication.

 “工程”与“文化”本来是两个很大的领域,长期以来,人们多是对“工程”、“文化”分别加以研究,成为两条道上跑的车。而工程文化是客观存在的普遍深刻的社会现象,有必要把它们作为一个整体来学习研究,“文化”是基础,“工程”是平台,而在这个“平台”上,不同的产业现象又不断演绎着文化的发展与变迁。大学教师怎样在课堂教学中很好地担负起文化传承的重任,需要在教学中不断地摸索和实践,目的是培养学生正确分析问题、准确判断问题、有效解决问题的能力,同时,在教学中不断向学生渗透学会怎么做人、怎么做事、怎么生存、怎么与人合作共事,最终要使学生具有不断创新发展的人文精神,以期其在今后的工作岗位上实现“突破性的创新”。

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